Productive characteristics of sunflower genotypes irrigated with different levels of saline water

Sunflower is suitable for family farmers from Northeast Brazil who are benefited by the production of grain and oil and is adequate for crop rotation and for honey production. The need for irrigation in this region leads to the realization of this study for evaluating the production components of four sunflower genotypes irrigated with different levels of water salinity. The study was carried out in the municipality of Remigio, Paraíba, Brazil, using a randomized block with split plots experimental design in a 5 x 4 factorial arrangement. Treatments consisted of five electrical conductivity levels of the irrigation water at 25 °C (L1 - 0.14 (reservoir water), L2 - 1.50, L3 - 2.50, L4 - 3.50, and L5 - 4.50 dS m- 1), and four sunflower genotypes (C1 - Embrapa 122-V2000, C2 - Olisun 03, C3 - AG 963, and C4 - Multissol) with three replicates. The irrigation water salinity levels tested did not influence the variables studied. Different values of the variables among sunflower genotypes were due to characteristics inherent to each genotype. Sunflower genotype Olisun 03 presented the highest oil content, while the lowest content was observed in Multissol.

Potential of some autochthonous wild plants of Burundi for vegetable oil and valuable compounds production / Potencial de algumas plantas silvestres autóctones do Burundi para a produção de óleos vegetais e compostos valiosos

Abstract Twelve species of indigenous plants have been studied in order to valorize some natural resources of Burundi (Eastern Africa) to investigate possibilities of vegetable oil production. Physicochemical properties and oil contents were determined from seeds harvested through five ecogeographic zones. From oilcake extracts, total sugars contents, proteins (TPrC), polyphenolic (TPhC), and flavonoids were quantified using spectrophotometry. Furthermore, antioxidant activity of oilcake extracts was assessed by 2, 2-diphenyl-b-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. All oil contents obtained were found to be quite similar to those of common oleaginous seeds. The two highest were found in Parinari curatellifolia (61.44 ± 4.81% Dry Matter) and Myrianthus arboreus (48.26 ± 5.96% DM). More than half of the species have shown TPrC ranging from 10 to 24% dry matter of oilcake (DM). Brachystegia longifolia was revealed exceptionally stronger antioxidant potential: effectiveness antiradical of 163.06 ± 26.29 mL/μg.min (DPPH assay) and reducing power of 2618.21 ± 161.22 GAE/100 g DM (FRAP assay). TPhC were positively correlated (p < 0.05) to the antioxidant activity. This pioneering work on these wild species highlight the potential for producing vegetable oil and valuable biomolecule sources likely for food, cosmetics, pharmacy and industry.

Resumo Doze espécies de plantas indígenas foram estudadas para valorizar alguns recursos naturais do Burundi (África Oriental), para investigar as possibilidades de produção de óleo vegetal. As propriedades físico-químicas e o conteúdo de óleo foram determinados com base em sementes colhidas em cinco zonas ecogeográficas. A partir de extratos de bagaço de óleo, os teores de açúcares totais, proteínas (TPrC), polifenólicos (TPhC) e flavonoides foram quantificados por espectrofotometria. Além disso, a atividade antioxidante dos extratos de bagaços foi avaliada por ensaios de 2,2-difenil-b-picrilhidrazil (DPPH) e antioxidante redutor de ferro (FRAP). Todos os conteúdos de óleo obtidos foram encontrados para ser bastante semelhantes aos das sementes oleaginosas comuns. Os dois maiores foram encontrados em Parinari curatellifolia (61,44 ± 4,81% de matéria seca [MS]) e Myrianthus arboreus (48,26 ± 5,96% de MS). Mais da metade das espécies mostrou TPrC variando de 10% a 24% de MS de tortas. Brachystegia longifolia revelou um potencial antioxidante excepcionalmente mais forte: eficácia antirradical de 163,06 ± 26,29 mL/μg.min (DPPH assay) e poder redutor de 2.618,21 ± 161,22 GAE/100 g de MS (ensaio FRAP). TPhC correlacionaram-se positivamente (p < 0,05) com a atividade antioxidante. Este trabalho pioneiro sobre essas espécies selvagens destaca o potencial para a produção de óleo vegetal e fontes valiosas de biomoléculas para alimentos, cosméticos, farmácia e indústria.

Grain production fatty acid and oil profile from sunflower cultivars receiving different boron doses / Produção de grãos, perfil de óleo e ácido graxo em cultivares de girassol submetidos a diferentes doses de boro

Among the main factors that affect the productivity of crops is deficiency of nutrients. Boron (B) is an essential micronutrient for plants, and sunflower is one of the most sensitive plants to deficiency of the element. Its inadequate supply can impair sunflower plants' metabolism and grain and oil yield. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of different boron doses on the production of sunflower grains and the content and quality of the oil obtained from them. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a factorial scheme with three cultivars (Helio251, BRS323, BRS324) and four B doses (0, 2.5, 5.0, 8.0 kg ha-1). Two harvests were performed, the first in the R5 reproductive stage and the second at the end of the R9 cycle. In both cases, the levels of B in the capitulum were measured. At the end of the cycle, the grain yield, crude protein and oil content in the grains and fatty acid profile were analyzed. The cultivars responded differently to the treatments with B. The boron fertilization influenced the grain yield and oil content, but was not correlated with the profile of the majority unsaturated fatty acids and crude protein in the grains. Variations were observed in the fatty acid profile between the cultivars, an important aspect that needs to be evaluated according to the purpose of the production. In soil with lower availability of B, cultivar BRS323 was most efficient in B uptake, grain yield and oil content and quality.

Dentre os principais fatores que afetam a produtividade das culturas está a deficiência de nutrientes. O Boro (B) é um micronutriente essencial para plantas, e o girassol é uma das mais sensíveis à deficiência desse elemento. Seu fornecimento inadequado pode prejudicar o metabolismo, a produção de óleo e grãos das plantas de girassol. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes doses de boro na produção de grãos, conteúdo a qualidade do óleo de girassol. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento de blocos ao acaso em esquema fatorial com três cultivares (Helio251, BRS323, BRS324) e quatro doses de B (0; 2,5; 5,0; 8,0 kg ha-1). Foram realizadas duas coletas, a primeira na fase reprodutiva R5 e a segunda no final do ciclo R9. Em ambos os casos, os níveis de B no capítulo foram medidos. No final do ciclo, foram analisados a produção de grãos, teor de proteína bruta e óleo nos grãos e perfil de ácidos graxos. Os cultivares responderam diferentemente aos tratamentos com B. A adubação com boro influenciou o rendimento de grãos e teor de óleo, mas não se correlacionou com o perfil da maioria dos ácidos graxos insaturados e da proteína bruta nos grãos. Foram observadas variações no perfil de ácidos graxos entre cultivares, um aspecto importante que precisa ser avaliado de acordo com a finalidade da produção. No solo com menor disponibilidade de B, o cultivar BRS323 foi mais eficiente na absorção de B, rendimento de grãos, teor e qualidade de óleo.

Directional breeding of high oil content peanut variety Yuhua 9 by in vitro mutagenesis and screening / 生物工程学报

Leaf water potential of peanut subjected to drought stress is positively related to the oil content of peanut kernels. The aim of this study was to directly screen the high oil mutants of peanut and create the new peanut varieties using hydroxyproline as water potential regulator. In vitro mutagenesis was carried out with the embryonic leaflets of peanut variety Huayu 20 as explants and pingyangmycin as a mutagen added into the somatic embryo formation medium. The formed somatic embryos were successively transferred to somatic embryo germination and selection medium containing 6 mmol/L hydroxyproline (at -2.079 MPa water potential ) to induce regeneration and directionally screen high oil content mutants. After that, these plantlets were grafted and transplanted to the experimental field and 132 high oil mutants with oil content over 55% were obtained from the offspring of regenerated plants. Finally, among them, the oil contents of 27 lines were higher than 58% and of 2 lines were higher than 60%. A new peanut variety Yuhua 9 with high yield and oil content was bred from the regenerated plant progenies combining the pedigree breeding method. The yield was 14.0% higher than that of the control cultivar in the testing new peanut varieties of Liaoning province, and also it has passed the national registration of non-major crop varieties. Yuhua 9 with an oil content of 61.05%, which was 11.55 percentage points higher than that of the parent Huayu 20, was the peanut cultivar with the highest oil content in the world. The result showed that it was an effective way for directional breeding of high oil peanut varieties by means of the three-step technique including in vitro mutagenesis, directional screening by reducing water potential in medium and pedigree selection of regenerated plant progenies.

Breeding peanut variety Yuhua 7 by fast neutron irradiation and tissue culture / 生物工程学报

Creating new germplasms and breeding new cultivars in peanut by radiation mutagenesis and tissue culture were conducted in this study, aiming to develop new breeding method of peanut. Mature seeds from Luhua 11, the most commonly grown peanut cultivar in Northern China, were treated by fast neutron irradiation. Then the embryo leaflets were separated from the irradiated seeds and inoculated on the media, and the regenerated seedlings were obtained through somatic embryogenesis pathway. The regenerated seedlings were grafted, acclimated and then transplanted into field and the selfed pods were harvested from 83 regenerated plants. The progenies were selected by the pedigree method, and 107 mutants were obtained from the progenies of the 83 regenerated plants. Different mutants showed obvious variation in many agronomic traits, including main stem height, branch number, pod shape and size, seed coat color, inner seed coat color, oil content and protein content etc. Yuhua 7, a new peanut variety with low oil content, early maturity and waterlogging tolerance was obtained. The yield of Yuhua 7 was over 14% higher than that of the mutagenic parent Luhua 11, and the oil content of kernels was 47.0%, lower than that of parent Luhua 11 with 52.1% oil content. Yuhua 7 had passed peanut variety regional multi-location trials in Liaoning Province in 2016 and its average yield was 13.8% higher than that of the control variety Baisha 1017. It had also passed national peanut variety registration, and the registration ID is "GPD peanut (2018) 370105". The results show that irradiation mutagenesis combined with tissue culture is an effective method for creating new germplasm and breeding new varieties of peanut.

Seed-specific expression of heterologous gene DGAT1 increase soybean seed oil content and nutritional quality / 生物工程学报

Enhancing soybean (Glycine max) oil production is crucial to meet the market demand of vegetable oil. Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) catalyzes the final acylation reaction of triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis, acting as one of the rate-limiting enzymes for oil biosynthesis in plant seeds. Here, a cDNA clone VgDGAT1A encoding the DGAT1 protein was isolated from the high oil plant Vernonia galamensis. VgDGAT1A was specifically overexpressed in soybean seeds, and several high-generation transgenic lines (T7) were obtained by continuous selection. qPCR analysis showed that VgDGAT1A was highly expressed in the mid-development stage (30-45 DAF) of the transgenic seeds. Accordingly, the DGAT enzyme activity in the transgenic seeds was increased by 7.8 folds in comparison with the wild-type controls. Seed oil and starch contents were, respectively, increased by 5.1% (Dry weight) and reduced by 2%-3% in the transgenic soybeans. Importantly, protein content was not significantly different between transgenic and control seeds. Seed weight and germination rate of the transgenic lines exhibited no negative effect. Fatty acid profiling demonstrated that antioxidant oleic acid (C18:1Δ9) content in the transgenic seed oil was elevated by 8.2% compared to the control, and correspondingly, easily-oxidized linoleic acid (C18:2Δ9,12) and linolenic acid (C18:3Δ9,12,15) were decreased by 6% and 2% respectively. Taken together, seed-specific overexpression of an exogenous VgDGAT1A gene can break the negative linkage of oil and protein contents in soybean seeds, indicating that engineering of this highly-active DGAT enzyme is an effective strategy to improve oil yield and nutritional value in oilseeds.

Analysis of the genetic relationships and diversity among 11 populations of Xanthoceras sorbifolia using phenotypic and microsatellite marker data

Background: Assessments of genetic diversity are essential for germplasm characterization and exploitation. Molecular markers are valuable tools for exploring genetic variation and identifying germplasm. They play key roles in a Xanthoceras sorbifolia breeding program. Results: We analyzed the genetic diversity of populations of this species using 23 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci and data on kernel oil content. The 11 populations included in the study were distributed across a large geographic range in China. The kernel oil content differed significantly among populations. The SSR marker analysis detected high genetic diversity among the populations. All SSRs were polymorphic, and we identified 80 alleles across the populations. The number of alleles at each locus ranged from two to six, averaging 3.48 per primer pair. The polymorphism information content values ranged from 0.35 to 0.70, averaging 0.51. Expected heterozygosity, observed heterozygosity, and Shannon's information index calculations detected large genetic variations among populations of different provenance. The high average number of alleles per locus and the allelic diversity observed in the set of genotypes analyzed indicated that the genetic base of this species was relatively wide. The statistically significant positive correlation between genetic and geographic distances suggested adaptations to local conditions. Conclusions: Microsatellite markers can be used to efficiently distinguish X. sorbifolia populations and assess their genetic diversity. The information we have provided will contribute to the conservation and management of this important plant genetic resource.

Potential of some autochthonous wild plants of Burundi for vegetable oil and valuable compounds production

Abstract Twelve species of indigenous plants have been studied in order to valorize some natural resources of Burundi (Eastern Africa) to investigate possibilities of vegetable oil production. Physicochemical properties and oil contents were determined from seeds harvested through five ecogeographic zones. From oilcake extracts, total sugars contents, proteins (TPrC), polyphenolic (TPhC), and flavonoids were quantified using spectrophotometry. Furthermore, antioxidant activity of oilcake extracts was assessed by 2, 2-diphenyl-b-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. All oil contents obtained were found to be quite similar to those of common oleaginous seeds. The two highest were found in Parinari curatellifolia (61.44 ± 4.81% Dry Matter) and Myrianthus arboreus (48.26 ± 5.96% DM). More than half of the species have shown TPrC ranging from 10 to 24% dry matter of oilcake (DM). Brachystegia longifolia was revealed exceptionally stronger antioxidant potential: effectiveness antiradical of 163.06 ± 26.29 mL/g.min (DPPH assay) and reducing power of 2618.21 ± 161.22 GAE/100 g DM (FRAP assay). TPhC were positively correlated (p 0.05) to the antioxidant activity. This pioneering work on these wild species highlight the potential for producing vegetable oil and valuable biomolecule sources likely for food, cosmetics, pharmacy and industry.

Resumo Doze espécies de plantas indígenas foram estudadas para valorizar alguns recursos naturais do Burundi (África Oriental), para investigar as possibilidades de produção de óleo vegetal. As propriedades físico-químicas e o conteúdo de óleo foram determinados com base em sementes colhidas em cinco zonas ecogeográficas. A partir de extratos de bagaço de óleo, os teores de açúcares totais, proteínas (TPrC), polifenólicos (TPhC) e flavonoides foram quantificados por espectrofotometria. Além disso, a atividade antioxidante dos extratos de bagaços foi avaliada por ensaios de 2,2-difenil-b-picrilhidrazil (DPPH) e antioxidante redutor de ferro (FRAP). Todos os conteúdos de óleo obtidos foram encontrados para ser bastante semelhantes aos das sementes oleaginosas comuns. Os dois maiores foram encontrados em Parinari curatellifolia (61,44 ± 4,81% de matéria seca [MS]) e Myrianthus arboreus (48,26 ± 5,96% de MS). Mais da metade das espécies mostrou TPrC variando de 10% a 24% de MS de tortas. Brachystegia longifolia revelou um potencial antioxidante excepcionalmente mais forte: eficácia antirradical de 163,06 ± 26,29 mL/g.min (DPPH assay) e poder redutor de 2.618,21 ± 161,22 GAE/100 g de MS (ensaio FRAP). TPhC correlacionaram-se positivamente (p 0,05) com a atividade antioxidante. Este trabalho pioneiro sobre essas espécies selvagens destaca o potencial para a produção de óleo vegetal e fontes valiosas de biomoléculas para alimentos, cosméticos, farmácia e indústria.

Breeding of peanut variety Yuhua 4 by in vitro mutagenesis / 生物工程学报

The embryonic leaflets of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) variety Huayu 20 were used as explants and pingyangmycin as a mutagen to induce somatic embryos. Four weeks after the inoculation, the survived explants were transferred to somatic embryo germination medium containing screening reagent hydroxyproline, and finally 15 regenerated plants were obtained. Pedigree breeding method was used during the following selection breeding, and three lines with significantly increased yield and 23 lines with high oil content were obtained from these mutant offsprings. The line with both high yield and high oil content has passed peanut variety multi-location in Anhui province and was named "Yuhua 4". Its yield was 16.63% higher than that of the control variety Baisha 1016, ranking the first in all the testing varieties. Yuhua 4 showed the characteristics of early maturity, small pod and high oil content. The oil content of kernels was 56.10%, higher than that of original parent Huayu 20 with 49.50% oil content, tested by the Ministry of Agriculture of Oil and Products Quality Supervision, Inspection and Test Center (Wuhan), and the yield was 15% higher than that of Huayu 20. It was concluded that in vitro mutagenesis and target screening was an effective way on creating new germplasm and breeding new variety in peanut.

Componentes de produção de pinhão manso irrigado com água de diferentes condutividades elétrica e doses de fósforo / Components of production of physic nut irrigated with water of different electrical conductivity and doses of phosphorus

O pinhão manso tem atraído bastante interesse nos últimos anos por apresentar elevado potencial de fornecer óleo para produção de biocombustível e isso tem provocado a expansão rápida das áreas de cultivo em todo mundo. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da irrigação com água de diferentes condutividades elétricas (CEa) e doses de fósforo sobre os componentes de produção de pinhão manso durante o terceiro ano de produção. Usou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados em um fatorial (5x2) com quatro repetições, sendo cinco níveis de salinidade (CEa - 0,6 testemunha; 1,2; 1,8; 2,4 e 3,0dS m-1) da água de irrigação e duas doses de P2O5 (135 e 200g planta 1 ano-1), em que a água de 0,6dS m-1 refere-se à água de abastecimento e à dose de 135g planta-1, a recomendação para o pinhão manso. As plantas foram cultivadas em vasos com capacidade de 200L e irrigados a cada três dias. O número de dias para inflorescência, número de cachos planta-1, produtividade de sementes e o teor de óleo das sementes de pinhão manso foram afetados negativamente pelo o aumento da salinidade da água de irrigação. A cultura do pinhão manso irrigado com água com condutividade elétrica de 1,3dS m-1 reduz 10% da produtividade das sementes e consequentemente do teor de óleo em suas sementes. Somente o número de dias para inflorescência foi afetado pelas doses de fósforo. Verificou-se correlação positiva e significativa entre o peso de 100 sementes e o teor de óleo das sementes que, respectivamente, foram 90,26g e 36,39% no tratamento irrigado com a água de menor condutividade elétrica.

The physic nut has attracted considerable interest in recent years because of the high potential to provide oil for biofuel production and this has caused the rapid expansion of cultivated area worldwide. This research aimed to evaluate the influence of irrigation with water of different electrical conductivity (ECw) and two doses of phosphorus on the production components of physic nut during the third year of production. A randomized block design in a factorial (5x2) was adopted with four repetitions, with five levels of salinity (ECw - 0.6 control; 1.2; 1.8; 2.4 and 3.0dS m-1) of the irrigation water and two doses of P2O5 (135 and 200g plant-1 year-1), in which the water of 0.6dS m-1 refers to municipal supply water and the dose of 135g plant-1 is the recommended dose for physic nut. Plants were cultivated in recipient of 200L and irrigated at intervals of three days. The number of days for inflorescence, number of clusters plant-1, grain yield and oil content of physic nut seeds were negatively affected by the increasing salinity of the irrigated water. The cultivation of physic nut irrigated with electrical conductivity of 1.3dS m-1 reduces the productivity by 10% and consequently the seed oil content. Only the number of days for inflorescence was affected by phosphorus doses. A positive and significant correlation between weight of 100 seeds and oil content of seeds was observed and in the treatment with the lowest ECw the values obtained were respectively 90.26g and 36.39%.

Rapid screening and cultivation of oleaginous microorganisms.

Oleaginous microbial strains were cultivated to identify the best oil-producing strain amongst Yarrowia lipolytica (CGMCC 2.1398), Lipomyces starkeyi (CGMCC 2.1608), Rhodosporidium toruloides (CGMCC 2.1389), Mortierella isabellina (CGMCC 3.3410), Cunninghamella blakeleana (CGMCC 3.970), and Mycobacterium QJ311. A method for rapid determination of oil content and fatty acid composition was established to identify the optimum oil-producing strains. This method had a relative standard deviation of 4.09%, an average recovery ratio of 97.09% and a detection limit of 0.1–1.0 g. Mortierella isabellina CGMCC 3.3410 was identified as the best oil-producing strain amongst the six strains tested, with a total biomass of 75 g/10 L and a lipid content of 35%. A rapid screening method of oleaginous microorganisms is discussed for the first time.

Influencia de las condiciones de cultivo y del momento óptimo de cosecha en Artemisia annua L / Influence of growing conditions and of the optimal harvesting time on Artemisia annua L

Introducción: Artemisia annua L es una planta medicinal de gran interés y es importante precisar los aspectos agrícolas que garanticen su adecuado cultivo. Objetivos: determinar la influencia del cultivo a pleno sol y a la sombra y de la cosecha a diferentes horas y edades de la planta en la producción de biomasa y de los principios activos. Métodos: se utilizaron canteros a plena exposición solar y con determinada disminución de la luz para estudiar las condiciones de cultivo y en las investigaciones del momento de cosecha, en la recolección a diferentes horas del día: 9:00 am, 26 ºC; 11:00 am, 30 ºC; 1:00 pm, 32 ºC; 3:00 pm 33 ºC se seleccionaron plantas cultivadas a pleno sol, de 6 meses de edad; en el otro experimento se evaluó en plantas procedentes de semilleros establecidos en 2 fechas: 5 de noviembre y 8 diciembre, la recolección de la parte aérea a diferentes edades: 5, 6 y 7 meses. Se valoró la producción de biomasa, el contenido de artemisinina y adicionalmente el de aceite esencial y el de alcanfor. La extracción del aceite esencial se realizó por hidrodestilación y la de artemisinina y alcanfor por cromatografía gaseosa, la determinación de la presencia de estos dos componentes se realizó por cromatografía en capa delgada y además se valoraron los parámetros farmacognósticos: sustancias solubles en agua y en alcohol. Resultados: se encontraron pocas diferencias en cuanto al rendimiento de la parte aérea en las dos formas de cultivo, pero sí se obtuvo mayor contenido de artemisinina, aceite esencial y alcanfor en el cultivo a pleno sol. La mejor hora para realizar la cosecha es la mañana...

Introduction: Artemisia annua L is medicinal plant of great interest, and therefore it is important to specify exactly the agricultural elements supporting its proper growing. Objectives: to determine the influence of growing this plant in the sun and in the shade and of harvesting at different hours and plant ages in the production of biomass and active principles. Methods: flowerbeds were placed in the sun and in dimmed light conditions in order to study the growing conditions. In the research conducted at the time of harvest, plants grown in the sun, of 6 months of age and at various day hours: 9:00 am at 26 ºC; 11:00 am at 30 ºC; 1:00 pm at 32 ºC, and 3:00 pm at 33 ºC were harvested. In the other experiment, the harvest of the aerial parts of the plants coming from seedbeds created on November 5th and on December 8th and aged 5, 6 and 7 months was evaluated. The production of biomass, the content of artemisinin and additionally that of the essential oil and camphor were assessed. The extraction of the essential oil using hydrodistillation and that of artemisinin and the camphor by gas chromatography, the detection of the these two components was made by thin-layer chromatography and also the pharmacognostic parameters such as water- and alcohol-soluble substances were evaluated. Results: there were little differences in aerial parts yielding in the two growing methods but there was high content of artemisinin, essential oil and camphor in plants grown in the sun. The better time interval for harvest is the morning...

Adaptabilidade e estabilidade de genótipos de soja em diferentes épocas de semeadura / Adaptability and stability of soybean genotypes under different times of sowing

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o comportamento médio, a interação genótipos x ambientes (GxA), a adaptabilidade e estabilidade de sete cultivares de soja em três épocas de semeadura em Uberlândia-MG. Os ensaios foram conduzidos na Fazenda Capim Branco, pertencente à Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. As semeaduras foram realizadas nos dias 29 de outubro (1ª época), 24 de novembro (2ª época) e 17 de dezembro (3ª época) de 2007. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos casualizados, sendo sete genótipos (UFUS Xavante, UFUS Riqueza, UFUS Guarani, UFUS Milionária, Msoy 8001, Msoy 8411 e Msoy 8914) com três repetições em cada uma das três épocas de semeadura. As médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. A análise de adaptabilidade e estabilidade fenotípica dos genótipos foi feita pelos métodos de Eberhart e Russell (1966), Lin e Binns (1988) modificado por Carneiro (1998) e centróide (NASCIMENTO et al., 2009). Para o caráter produtividade de grãos, a cultivar UFUS Xavante foi classificada como de adaptabilidade específica para ambiente favorável e de alta estabilidade. As demais cultivares foram classificadas como sendo de adaptabilidade geral. Para o teor de óleo, as cultivares Msoy 8914 e UFUS Xavante comportaram se como de alta estabilidade e foram classificadas como de adaptabilidade geral alta. Para o caráter teor de proteína, todas as cultivares se comportaram como de ampla adaptabilidade e baixa estabilidade.

This study aimed to evaluate the average behavior, the genotype x environment (GxE), adaptability and stability of seven soybean cultivars at three sowing dates in Uberlândia-MG. The tests were conducted at Capim Branco Farm, belonging to the Federal University of Uberlândia. Sowing was held on october 29 (1st season), Adaptabilidade e estabilidade november 24 (2nd season) and december 17 (3rd season) 2007. The experimental design was a randomized, seven genotypes (UFUS Xavante, UFUS Riqueza, UFUS Guarani, UFUS Milionária, Msoy 8001, Msoy 8411 and Msoy 8914) with three replications in each of three sowing dates. Means were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. Analysis of adaptability and phenotypic stability of genotypes was performed using the Eberhart and Russell (1966), Lin and Binns (1988) modified by Carneiro (1998) and centroid (NASCIMENTO et al., 2009). For grain yield, the cultivar UFUS Xavante was classified as specific adaptability to environment and high stability. The other cultivars were classified as being of general adaptability. For oil content, the cultivars Msoy 8914 and UFUS Xavante behaved as high stability and was classified as having high adaptability. For the character content of protein, all cultivars behaved as wide adaptability and low stability.